What are the signs of gum disease, and how can it be treated?

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common condition that affects the tissues surrounding the teeth. It typically starts with inflammation of the gums (gingivitis) and can progress to more severe stages if left untreated (periodontitis). Here are the signs of gum disease and the general treatment approaches:

Signs of Gum Disease:

1. Gum inflammation: swollen, and tender gums are common signs of early gum disease (gingivitis).
2. Bleeding gums: Gums that bleed easily, especially during brushing, flossing, or eating, can be a sign of gum disease.
3. Receding gums: As gum disease progresses, the gum tissue may pull away from the teeth, causing the teeth to appear longer.
4. Persistent bad breath: Bad breath that doesn't improve with oral hygiene may indicate gum disease.
5. Pus between teeth and gums: In advanced stages, there may be pus-filled pockets between the teeth and gums.
6. Loose or shifting teeth: As gum disease worsens, the supporting bone may be damaged, leading to tooth mobility. At the extreme end of this condition, teeth can actually fall out themselves.
7. Changes in the bite: Teeth may not fit together as they used to if gum disease affects the bone structure.

Treatment of Gum Disease:

1. Professional dental cleaning: The initial treatment for gum disease involves professional dental cleaning, known as scaling and root cleaning. It removes plaque and calculus/tartar from the teeth and beneath the gumline. Depending on the severity of the gum disease, this may be done in stages with or without local anaesthetic. At Freo Dental, we often use our dual wavelength laser to assist in the treatment.
2. Medications: Antibiotics may be prescribed to help control bacterial infection in the gums. Antibacterial mouth rinses can also be beneficial.
3. Improved oral hygiene: Practicing proper brushing and flossing techniques at home is crucial for managing gum disease.
4. Lifestyle changes: Quitting smoking and adopting a healthier lifestyle can aid in gum disease management.
5. Surgical treatments: In advanced cases, surgical interventions such as gum grafts, bone grafts, and flap surgery may be necessary to restore gum health and address bone loss.
6. Ongoing maintenance: Regular dental check-ups are essential for monitoring and managing gum disease. Dr Kris may recommend more frequent visits to ensure the condition is under control.

It's crucial to seek professional dental advice if you suspect you have gum disease or experience any of the signs mentioned above. Early detection and appropriate treatment can help prevent the progression of gum disease and the potential loss of teeth. Remember that gum disease is preventable with good oral hygiene practices and regular dental care.